His last major work was a score for the Shakespeare plays The Tempest.Jean Sibelius, born Johan Julius Christian Sibelius (8 December 1865 – 20 September 1957), was a Finnish composer and violinist of the late Romantic and early-modern periods. His health worsened, and he became dependent on alcohol for his nerves and pain. In spite of his health, Sibelius published his Sixth Symphony in 1923 and his Seventh Symphony the following year. Sibelius’ health began to deteriorate at the start of the 1920s, and he began to drink excessively. The declaration of independence and the outbreak of the Finnish Civil War saw another surge in popularity for Sibelius’ work, in particular, his Jaeger March which was published in 1918. Sibelius returned to Europe in 1915 and published his Fifth Symphony in Helsinki. The outbreak of war hit Sibelius’ finances as his ability to tour and collect royalties was greatly curbed. He traveled to America in 1914 just before the outbreak of the First World War. He continued to tour Europe during this time performing in Berlin, Oslo and other capital cities. His Fourth Symphony was published in 1911 and was not as warmly received as previous works. Sibelius completed his Third Symphony in 1907. Sibelius continued to draw from Kalevala for his works and released numerous works based on it.
As well as being a huge success in Finland, Sibelius also traveled around Europe conducting performances. Sibelius wrote his Second Symphony in 1901 while traveling through Italy. Sibelius’ magnum opus, Finlandia, was deeply critical of Russian rule. National fervor was rising in Finland at the time as Russia was attempting to limit Finnish autonomy. His First Symphony made Sibelius a national hero due to the patriotic song, Song of the Athenians. He was required to work as a music teacher to supplement his income. Lemminkäinen Suite, a work created from an abandoned opera, brought Sibelius fame in Finland. He moved to Vienna for a year to study further and composed Scène de Ballet and Kullervo, the latter being inspired by Kalevala. Beethoven and Wagner also influenced Sibelius. He composed over one hundred pieces with String Quartet in A minor being the best known of his chamber and instrumental compositions. Instead, he began to focus more on composing music. Sibelius wished to become a violin virtuoso but was told he had started too late to become a top violinist. He quickly abandoned his legal studies to focus fulltime on music. Upon completing school, Sibelius began studying law at the Imperial Alexander University and music at the Helsinki Music Institute.
JEAN SIBELIUS PROFESSIONAL
He also began receiving professional lessons for his favorite instrument, the violin. At home, Sibelius would perform with his siblings and composed his first piece in 1881. The epic, Kalevala, was of particular strong influence throughout his career. He did, however, discover Finnish mythology in school and this would have a major influence on his music.
Sibelius attended Finnish language schools but did not enjoy his education. Sibelius learned to read music and improvise his creations. As well as violin, Sibelius was taught piano by his aunt, Julia. Pehr gave Sibelius a violin when he was ten years old and taught the young boy about music. His most significant influence though was his uncle, Pehr. His mother and grandmother raised Sibelius. His mother sold the family home and moved back to her parent’s home. Sibelius’ father was a doctor but died in 1868 of typhoid leaving the family in debt. Sibelius’ parents were Christian Gustaf Sibelius and Maria Charlotta Sibelius. Sibelius was born in Hämeenlinna in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland a part of the Russian Empire on 8 December 1865. Jean Sibelius was a Finnish composer who is best known for being Finland’s foremost composer and being intrinsically linked to the country’s early national identity.
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